Efficacy of scleral buckling for retinal detachment secondary to familial exudative vitreoretinopathy / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of scleral buckling in the treatment of retinal detachment (RD) secondary to familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR).Methods:An observational case series study was conducted.A total of 37 patients (42 eyes) of RD secondary to FEVR who were treated with scleral buckling in Beijing Tongren Hospital from July 2010 to March 2021 were enrolled.There were 30 males (35 eyes) and 7 females (7 eyes), with an average age of (15.21±5.42) years old.Scleral buckling under general anesthesia was performed in all patients.There were 22 eyes with rhegmatogenous RD (RRD), of which 21 eyes were treated with local external compression combined with cerclage, and 1 eye was treated with radial spinal compression.There were 13 eyes with tractive RD (TRD), of which 12 eyes were treated with local external compression combined with cerclage and subretinal fluid drainage, and 1 eye was treated with scleral buckling combined with vitrectomy.There were 7 eyes with RRD combined with TRD, of which 4 eyes were treated with local external compression combined with cerclage and subretinal fluid drainage, and 3 eyes were treated with scleral buckling combined with vitrectomy.The average follow-up time was (30.61±10.50) months.The main outcomes were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the operated eye converted to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, retinal reattachment rate, and incidence of complications.The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University (No.TRECKY2018-056-GZ[2022]-07). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject or their guardians before entering the cohort.Results:The average BCVA was 0.83±0.50 at last follow-up after surgery which was better than 1.10±0.39 before surgery, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=6.639, P<0.001). There were 39 eyes with retinal reattachment and 3 eyes without retinal reattachment.The reattachment rate was 95.45%(21/22) in RRD, 84.62%(11/13) in TRD, and 100%(7/7) in RRD combined with TRD.No serious complication occurred in any patients during postoperative follow-up. Conclusions:On the premise of optimized surgical strategy based on the indications of RD secondary to FEVR, scleral buckling has a high retinal reattachment rate in the treatment of RD secondary to FEVR.

Effect of Modified Shuyuwan on Hippocampal Myelin Sheath Injury in Vascular Dementia Rats Through Cx43/Glu/AMPAR Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of modified Shuyuwan （SYW） on hippocampal myelin sheath injury in vascular dementia （VD） model rats. MethodSixty male SD rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into sham operation group， model group， and high-， medium- and low-dose modified SYW groups， with 12 rats in each group. The VD model was induced by bilateral carotid artery ligation in rats of the groups except for those of the sham operation group. After modeling， rats were screened by the water maze test， followed by drug treatment by gavage. Specifically， rats in the modified SYW groups were treated with modified SYW at 10， 5， 2.5 g·kg-1·d-1， accordingly， and those in other groups were administered with the same amount of normal saline. After intragastric administration for 28 days， the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats were detected by the water maze test. The hippocampal neuron structure was observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The content of hippocampal tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and glutamate （Glu） was observed by biochemical detection. The hippocampal expression of myelin basic protein （MBP）， astrocyte activation marker glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）， and connexin 43 （Cx43） was detected by immunofluorescence detection. The myelin sheath structure in the hippocampus was observed by the electron microscope. The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor （AMPAR） and Cx43 protein expression was detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the sham operation group， the model group showed prolonged escape latency （P<0.01）， decreased times of crossing the original platform and percentage of target quadrant detention time （P<0.01）， disordered neuron structure in the hippocampal CA1 region， loose myelin sheath lamella with blurry edge， up-regulated expression levels of TNF-α， IL-6， and Glu in the hippocampal CA1 region， especially Glu （P<0.01）， reduced expression of AMPAR （P<0.01）， increased protein expression of p-AMPAR and Cx43 （P<0.01）， significantly dwindled protein expression of MBP in the myelin sheath， and enhanced fluorescence co-labeled by GFAP and Cx43. Compared with the model group， the modified SYW groups showed shortened escape latency （P<0.05）， increased times of crossing the original platform and percentage of target quadrant detention time （P<0.05）， closely arranged hippocampal neuron structure， denser myelin sheath lamella with clear edge， down-regulated expression levels of TNF-α， IL-6， and Glu in the hippocampal CA1 region， especially Glu （P<0.01）， up-regulated AMPAR （P<0.01）， reduced protein expression of p-AMPAR and Cx43， especially in the high-dose group （P<0.01）， significantly elevated protein expression of MBP in the myelin sheath， and weakened fluorescence co-labeled by GFAP and Cx43， especially in the high-dose group. ConclusionModified SYW can improve the learning and memory abilities of VD rats， and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Cx43 expression， reduction of the release of Glu， inhibition of AMPAR-mediated inflammatory response to reduce the production of astrocyte marker GFAP， and promotion of the expression of MBP protein to alleviate myelin injury.

Clinical Anslysis of Primary Adrenal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of one patient with primary adrenal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (PANKTCL), and to strengthen the understanding of this rare type of lymphoma.@*METHODS@#The clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment process, and prognosis of the patient admitted in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Combined with pathology, imaging, bone marrow examination， etc, the patient was diagnosed with PANKTCL (CA stage, stage II; PINK-E score 3, high-risk group). Six cycles of "P-GemOx+VP-16" regimen（gemcitabine 1 g/m2 d1 + oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 d 1 + etoposide 60 mg/m2 d 2-4 + polyethylene glycol conjugated asparaginase 3 750 IU d 5） was performed, and complete response was assessed in 4 cycles. Maintenance therapy with sintilimab was administered after the completion of chemotherapy. Eight months after the complete response, the patient experienced disease recurrence and underwent a total of four courses of chemotherapy, during which hemophagocytic syndrome occurred. The patient died of disease progression 1 month later.@*CONCLUSION@#PANKTCL is rare, relapses easily, and has a worse prognosis. The choice of the "P-GemOx+VP-16" regimen combined with sintilimab help to improve the survival prognosis of patient with non-upper aerodigestive tract natural killer /T-cell lymphoma.

Single-center study of different treatment for advanced or unresectable angiosarcoma patients / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different medical treatment in advanced or unresectable angiosarcoma. Methods: This study was a single-center retrospective clinical study. Fifty-five advanced or unresectable angiosarcoma patients treated in Sun-Yat Sen University Cancer Center from January 2005 to August 2020 were enrolled. There were 34 patients who received first-line doxorubicin-based chemotherapy (doxorubicin group), 12 patients received first-line doxorubicin or liposome doxorubicin plus paclitaxel or albumin bound paclitaxel chemotherapy (combination therapy group), and 4 patients received first-line paclitaxel-based treatment (paclitaxel group). There were 6 patients who received anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy, another 2 patients received anti-PD-1 antibody plus anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy plus targeted therapy included 5 cases of first-line therapy and 3 cases of second-line therapy. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by RECIST 1.1 standard. The adverse reactions were evaluated by CTCAE4.0 standard. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was evaluated with Log rank test. Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results: There were 18 patients achieved partial response (PR) in 34 patients in the doxorubicin group, median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 4.5 months, and median overall survival (mOS) was 15 months. Four patients achieved PR in 12 patients in the combination therapy group, mPFS and mOS were 4 months and 19 months. Two patients achieved PR in 4 patients in the paclitaxel group, mPFS and mOS were 3 months and 9 months. However, only 1 in 6 patients achieved PR for anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy, mPFS and mOS were 3 months and 16 months. Two patients who received anti-PD-1 immunotherapy combined with anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy acquired PR for 17 months and more than 16 months. Median PFS (7.5 months) were longer in those with primary liver, lung and spleen angiosarcoma than in those with other primary site (3.0 months, P=0.028). The mOS (20 months) was longer in females than that in males (12 months, P=0.045). Primary tumor site, sex, age and treatment were not independent prognostic factors for angiosarcoma patients (P>0.05). Grade 3-4 cardiac toxicity was found in 2 patients in the combination therapy group. Conclusions: Doxorubicin-based and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy are the most important treatment for advanced angiosarcoma. Potential efficacy for targeted therapy combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy are showed in some patients with long duration of response and moderate adverse event.

Trend of diet related behaviors among secondary school students in Shanghai, 2008-2019 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the prevalence and trend of diet related behaviors among secondary school students in Shanghai, and to provide a scientific basis for developing appropriate health education strategies.@*Methods@#Anonymous questionnaire surveys were conducted among 71 291 students selected by multi stage stratified cluster sampling method from junior high schools,senior high schools and vocational schools in Shanghai in the year of 2008,2012,2015,2017,2019. The questionnaire adopted was "Shanghai adolescent health related behavior questionnaire". Test for trend test were applied for the analysis of the prevalence of their dietary behaviors.@*Results@#The proportion of middle school students nutritional status within the normal range in each survey year were 73.40 %, 72.60%, 68.06%, 68.73%, 67.53%, respectively, while the rate of overweight and obesity increased from 13.17% in 2008 to 23.73% in 2019. The proportion of "eating fried food" decreased significantly by year, from 12.05 % to 4.23% (male, APC=-7.94%, t =-4.33, female, APC= -9.29%, t=-7.71, P <0.05) respectively. And the proportion of "eating dessert" also decreased significantly by year, from 31.66% to 11.14% (male, APC=-8.41%, t =-6.37, female, APC=-8.67%, t=-6.96, P <0.05). In the five surveys, the percentages of healthy diet related behaviors of secondary school students were 12.81%-21.82%, no significant upward trend was observed in the whole( P >0.05). The proportion of diet-related behaviors of nutrition unbalance and easily leading to obesity decreased significantly from 35.47% to 17.00%(APC=-6.71%, t= -5.00 , P <0.05). The proportion of diet related behavior of nutrition unbalance and not easily leading to obesity increased significantly from 39.15% to 60.16%(APC=3.46%, t=6.18, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Overweight and obesity among secondary school students in Shanghai are increasing during the past decade, and the proportion of healthy dietary behaviors is low. The knowledge of rational diet should be publicized among these students in order to develop healthy dietary behaviors.

Famine exposure during early life and risk of metabolic syndrome in adulthood in China: a meta-analysis / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To analyze the relationship between early-life famine exposure and the risk of metabolic syndrome in Chinese population.Methods:Relevant literature on the relationship between early-life famine exposure and the risk of metabolic syndrome in the Chinese population was retrieved from databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, Web of Science, and PubMed. The search was conducted from the inception of the databases up to October 2022. Two researchers independently extracted and systematically evaluated the data from the literature, and meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software. Results:A total of 12 publications met the inclusion criteria, including 71 470 study subjects. Meta-analysis results showed that early-life famine exposure increased the risk of metabolic syndrome in the Chinese population( OR=1.28, 95% CI 1.16-1.40). Subgroup analysis showed that both fetal famine exposure( OR=1.25, 95% CI 1.03-1.52) and childhood famine exposure( OR=1.29, 95% CI 1.15-1.45) increased the risk of developing metabolic syndrome compared to the non-exposed group, and this significant association was only found in the female population. Conclusion:Early-life exposure to famine may increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome in adulthood in the Chinese population, particularly among females.

Trends in the prevalence of Internet addiction among adolescents from 2004 to 2019 in Shanghai / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the trends of Internet addiction among adolescents in Shanghai, so as to provide theoretical evidence for the prevention and control of Internet addiction in adolescents.@*Methods@#A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was conducted, and 92 171 junior and senior high school students in Shanghai were selected for questionnaire survey in 2004-2019. Evaluation of Internet addiction, loneliness, academic pressure and depression among middle school students.@*Results@#In 2004-2019, the rate of Internet addiction among middle school students in Shanghai was 4.3%, which without significant differences by year( t =1.8, P >0.05). The detection rate of Internet addiction in boys (5.3%) was higher than that in girls (3.4%) ( χ 2=186.8, P <0.01), and was highest in secondary vocational school (7.7%), followed by senior high school (4.6%) and junior middle school students (2.8%) ( χ 2=746.5, P <0.01). The prevalence of Internet addiction in girls, senior high school students, secondary vocational school students, students aged 16-20, students with loneliness or high academic pressure showed an increasing trend in 2004-2019, with the average annual increase rate ( APC ) of 6.62%, 5.45%, 2.13%, 3.36%, 4.09% and 3.60% respectively ( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Internet addiction among adolescents in Shanghai showed an increasing trend in some groups from 2004-2019, but without significant differences by year in the overall groups. Comprehensive prevention and control programs are needed for adolescent Internet addiction, especially for those with mental health problems.

Study on prospective memory deficits of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients in the endophenotype framework / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo study the prospective memory deficits of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of patients， so as to validate the possibility of prospective memory as an endophenotype of obsessive-compulsive disorder. MethodsHealthy controls， obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of patients， each with 25 cases， matched for age， education， gender， IQ and marriage status were enrolled. The standardized prospective memory paradigm with a multi-trial design was conducted， and the accuracy was used as an indicator of prospective memory function. ResultsThe accuracy of event- and time-based prospective memory tasks of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients was lower than that of healthy controls， with statistical differences ［（0.74±0.24） vs. （0.88±0.13）， d=-0.140， P=0.044； （0.77±0.21） vs. （0.93±0.10）， d=-0.164， P=0.011］. The accuracy of event-based prospective memory task of unaffected first-degree relatives was also lower than that of healthy controls， with statistical difference ［（0.73±0.20） vs. （0.88±0.13）， d=-0.144， P=0.036］. ConclusionObsessive-compulsive disorder patients has extensive prospective memory deficits， indicating that prospective memory may be an endophenotype of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Predictive role of the degree of prospective memory impairment on treatment response to SSRIs in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo explore the predictive role of the degree of prospective memory impairment on the treatment response to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors （SSRIs） in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. MethodsA total of 30 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder who met the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fourth edition， text revision （DSM-IV-TR） were selected， and all patients were treated with SSRIs for 4 weeks. The severity of obsessive-compulsive symptom was assessed using Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale （Y-BOCS）， and the efficacy was evaluated by the reduction rate of Y-BOCS score. Moreover， the performance of event-based， time-based and activity-based prospective memory tasks were compared before and after treatment. ResultsAfter treatment， the total Y-BOCS score of patients was lower than before treatment ［（27.07±4.63） vs. （24.87±5.93）， F（1，29）=4.984， P=0.033］， meantime， the performance of event- and time- based prospective memory tasks was improved ［（0.78±0.21） vs. （0.88±0.11）， F（1，29）=9.022， P=0.005； （0.81±0.17） vs. （0.91±0.11）， F（1，29）=9.063， P=0.005］. Correlation analysis showed that the performance of event-based prospective memory at baseline was positively correlated with the reduction of Y-BOCS score （r=0.478， P=0.014）. The event-based prospective memory performance at baseline could positively predict the treatment response to SSRIs treatment in patients （β=0.441， P=0.014）. ConclusionThe event-based prospective memory function of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder can positively predict SSRIs treatment outcome， and patients with better prospective memory performance yield better treatment responses.

Clinical observation of Metazolamide in the treatment of normal pressure hydrocephalus / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To study the efficacy and safety of Methazolamide(MTZ)for the treatment of normal pressure hydrocephalus(NPH)patients.Methods:A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective clinical study was conducted in Aviation General Hospital.A total of 35 NPH patients including 29 idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus(iNPH)and 6 secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus(sNPH)received drug treatment in our hospital from September 2019 to March 2021.All patients were unsuitable for or refused surgical treatment for some reasons.The patients were divided into drug group(n=18)and control group(n=10), taking oral MTZ or placebo 25 mg twice daily, increasing to 50 mg twice daily after 1 week if there was no discomfort.The 10 m gait score, cognitive function score, brain MRI check were completed before and 1 month after oral administration.The assessment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus scale(iNPHGS)score were performed 1 month and 3 months after oral administration.The primary efficacy endpoint was iNPHGS score for 3 months treatment and the secondary efficacy endpoint was the assessment of above scales for 1 month treatment.Results:As compared with baseline, the effect of 1 month treatment showed that MOCA scores[(16.2±8.8)and(14.8±8.7)scores, t=-2.68, P=0.02], 10 m gait scores[(22.3±11.2)and(25.6±12.9), t=2.76, P=0.02], iNPHGS scores[(7.3±3.2)and(8.1±3.5), t=4.08, P<0.01]were improved.The effect of 3 month treatment showed that the iNPHGS score(6.1±2.4)was improved compared with baseline( t=5.07, P<0.01)and 1 month( t=4.11, P<0.01). But the above scores of the control group were not significantly improved compared with the baseline(all P>0.05). After 1 month treatment, the 10 m gait score and iNPHGS score in the drug group were improved compared with those in the control group(all P<0.05). After 3 months treatment, the iNPHGS score was improved compared with the baseline level in the control group( t=-4.41, P<0.05). The above 35 patients had no serious adverse reactions such as hypokalemia and acidosis.There was no significant difference in adverse events between the two groups( χ2=0.01, P=1.00). Conclusions:The treatment of MTZ could effectively improve the clinical symptoms of NPH patients with good safety.

Causes of failure of scleral buckling for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and effectiveness and safety of re-buckling / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To analyze the reasons for the failure of scleral buckling (SB) in the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and observe the efficacy and safety of re-buckling.Methods:This was a retrospective non-comparative clinical research. From July 2014 to June 2020, patients with first-time SB failure who visited the Beijing Tongren Hospital were included in this study. There were 42 patients, including 30 males and 12 females, with the average age of 29.40±16.13 years, and they were all monocular. The retinal detachment range <1, 1-2 and > 2 quadrants were 9, 22 and 11 eyes, respectively. The macula was involved in 38 eyes. The average logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.99±0.57. Forty eyes and 2 eyes were performed 1 and 2 SB, and all the retina were not reattached. All patients were under general anesthesia, according to the conditions during the operation, re-freeze and located the holes under indirect ophthalmoscope. And selected the new external pressure material or retained the old one in combination with the other operations to reattaced the retina. The average follow-up time was 31.93±18.97 months. The reasons for the failure of the first surgery based on the records of this surgery were analyzed. The visual acuity changes, the rate of retinal reattachment and the occurrence of complications were observed. The visual changes were compared by paired t test. Results:The top three reasons for the failure were: 16 case of the displacement of the compression spine (38.10%); 9 cases of missing the retinal holes and 9 case of improper selection of compression substances (account for 21.43%, respectively); 6 cases of insufficient height of compression spine (14.29%). All of retina were reattached (100%, 42/42). The average logMAR BCVA was 0.52±0.40. The difference of logMAR BCVA between before and after surgery was statistically significant ( t=6.106, P=0.000). There were a slight increase in intraocular pressure in 8 eyes, the average intraocular pressure was 25.00±2.61 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). No serious complications occurred after surgery. Conclusions:The position deviation of the compression spine, the missed hole during the operation, the improper selection of external compression material, and the insufficient height of the compression spine are the main reasons for the failure of SB. After adjusting the reasons for the failure, there is still a higher rate of retinal reattachment.

Analysis on the efficacy and safety of scleral buckling in the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with subretinal proliferation / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To evaluate the outcome of scleral buckling(SB)in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)with subretinal proliferation. <p>METHODS: This was a retrospective clinical analysis research. Patients with RRD associated with subretinal proliferation who visited the Beijing Tongren Hospital were included in this study. From October 2016 to January 2020. There were 54 patients, including 36 males and 18 females, with the average age of 24.92±11.99 years. The retinal detachment range <1, 1-2 and >2 quadrants were 12, 25 and 17 eyes, respectively. The macula was involved in 47 eyes. Subretinal proliferation range <1, 1-2 and >2 quadrants were 26, 23 and 5 eyes, respectively. The average Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution(LogMAR)best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)was 1.21±0.77, all patients were treated with SB under general anesthesia and the anatomical retinal reattachment, visual acuity and complications were observed.<p>RESULTS: The retina was reattached in 52 eyes(96%), and 2 eyes(4%)needed pars plana vitrectomy for retinal redetachment. The mean follow wp was 19.17±11.15mo. The BCVA improved from 1.21±0.77 LogMAR before surgery to 0.61±0.40 LogMAR after surgery(<i>P</i><0.01). No serious complications occurred. <p>CONCLUSION: Under the circumstance of correct selection of indications, SB was highly successful in eyes with RRD associated with subretinal proliferation.

Combined association of physical activity and screen time with healthrelated quality of life among primary and middle school students in China / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association of physical activity and screen time with health-related quality of life among students in China.@*Methods@#A total of 4 388 students (graders 4-12) were randomly selected from primary, junior and senior high schools in Nanjing, China, to take part in this cross-sectional questionnaire survey in 2018. The associations of physical activity and screen time with health-related quality of life were assessed using mixed-effects linear regression models and reported as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval(CI).@*Results@#After adjustment for potential confounders and class-level clustering effects, students with sufficient physical activity reported an increased 0.03 (95%CI=0.01-0.05) unit of the Child Health Utility 9D (CHU9D) scores compared to their counterparts with insufficient physical activity, while participants with short screen time also recorded higher CHU9D scores 0.05(95%CI=0.02-0.08) than those with prolonged screen time. Relative to those with insufficient physical activity and prolonged screen time, students with insufficient physical activity and short screen time 0.05(95%CI=0.02-0.09), or students with sufficient physical activity and prolonged screen time 0.03(95%CI=-0.03-0.10), or students with sufficient physical activity and short screen time 0.08(95%CI=0.05-0.12), respectively, reported increased CHU9D scores.@*Conclusion@#Health-related quality of life was positively associated with physical activity, but negatively with screen time. Moreover, these two factors may have a combined effect on health-related quality of life.

Large- scale prospective clinical study on prophylactic intervention of COVID-19 in community population using Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid and Jinhao Jiere Granules / 中国中药杂志

To scientifically evaluate the intervention effect of Chinese medicine preventive administration(combined use of Huo-xiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid and Jinhao Jiere Granules) on community population in the case of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), a large cohort, prospective, randomized, and parallel-controlled clinical study was conducted. Total 22 065 subjects were included and randomly divided into 2 groups. The non-intervention group was given health guidance only, while the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) intervention group was given two coordinated TCM in addition to health guidance. The medical instructions were as follows. Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid: oral before meals, 10 mL/time, 2 times/day, a course of 5 days. Jinhao Jiere Granules: dissolve in boiling water and take after meals, 8 g/time, 2 times/day, a course of 5 days, followed up for 14 days, respectively. The study found that with the intake of medication, the incidence rate of TCM intervention group was basically maintained at a low and continuous stable level(0.01%-0.02%), while the non-intervention group showed an overall trend of continuous growth(0.02%-0.18%) from 3 to 14 days. No suspected or confirmed COVID-19 case occurred in either group. There were 2 cases of colds in the TCM intervention group and 26 cases in the non-intervention group. The incidence of colds in the TCM intervention group was significantly lower(P<0.05) than that in the non-intervention group. In the population of 16-60 years old, the incidence rate of non-intervention and intervention groups were 0.01% and 0.25%, respectively. The difference of colds incidence between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). In the population older than 60 years old, they were 0.04% and 0.21%, respectively. The incidence of colds in the non-intervention group was higher than that in the intervention group, but not reaching statistical difference. The protection rate of TCM for the whole population was 91.8%, especially for the population of age 16-60(95.0%). It was suggested that TCM intervention(combined use of Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid and Jinhao Jiere Granules) could effectively protect community residents against respiratory diseases, such as colds, which was worthy of promotion in the community. In addition, in terms of safety, the incidence of adverse events and adverse reactions in the TCM intervention group was relatively low, which was basically consistent with the drug instructions.

Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Predictor in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Angioimmunoblastic T Cell Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the prognostic evaluation value of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with newly diagnosed angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL).@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 39 patients with newly diagnosed AITL in our hospital from March 2010 to August 2018 were colleated and retrospective analyzied, and the relationship between NLR before treatment and the prognosis of AITL patients was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 39 AITL patients, the median value of NCR was 5.43. Based on the cut-off value (5.43), all the patients were divided into 2 groups: high NLR group (5.43, n=20) and a low NLR group (＜5.43, n=19). The total effective rate of treatment was lower in the high NLR group as compered with low NLR group (P=0.041). Univariate analysis showed that, age ＞60 years old, extranodal involvement＞1 as well as high NLR were the independent risk factors that affected overall survival (OS) in newly diagnosed AITL patients. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that extranodal involvement＞1 and high NLR were the independent risk factors that affected OS in newly diagnosed AITL patients.@*CONCLUSION@#The NLR may be an independent prognostic factor in patients with newly diagnosed AITL. High NLR associated with poor prognosis.

Genetic Architecture of Circulating Very-Long-Chain (C24:0 and C22:0) Ceramide Concentrations

OBJECTIVE: Total ceramide concentrations are linked with increased insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction. However, recent studies have demonstrated that plasma concentrations of specific very-long-chain fatty ceramides (C24:0 and C22:0) are associated with a reduced incidence of coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality. We hypothesized that specific genetic loci are associated with plasma C22:0 and C24:0 concentrations.METHODS: Heritability and genome-wide association studies of plasma C24:0 and C22:0 ceramide concentrations were performed among 2,217 participants in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort, adjusting for cardiovascular risk factor covariates and cardiovascular drug treatment.RESULTS: The multivariable-adjusted heritability for C22:0 and C24:0 ceramides was 0.42 (standard error [SE], 0.07; p=1.8E-9) and 0.25 (SE, 0.08; p=0.00025), respectively. Nineteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), all on chromosome 20, significantly associated with C22:0 concentrations; the closest gene to these variants was SPTLC3. The lead SNP (rs4814175) significantly associated with 3% lower plasma C22:0 concentrations (p=2.83E-11). Nine SNPs, all on chromosome 20 and close to SPTLC3, were significantly associated with C24:0 ceramide concentrations. All 9 were also significantly related to plasma C22:0 levels. The lead SNP (rs168622) was significantly associated with 10% lower plasma C24:0 ceramide concentrations (p=9.94E-09).CONCLUSION: SNPs near the SPTLC3 gene, which encodes serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 3 (SPTLC3; part of the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of de novo sphingolipid synthesis) were associated with plasma C22:0 and C24:0 ceramide concentrations. These results are biologically plausible and suggest that SPTLC3 may be a potential therapeutic target for C24:0 and C22:0 ceramide modulation.

Temporal bone anatomy via transcanal endoscopy / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Based on anatomy and clinical operation, this article discussed the anatomical structure of temporal bone and its contiguous relationship under oto-endoscope, through two approaches: the natural external auditory canal and the enlarged external auditory canal. To give an account of the anatomical characteristics of temporal bone under oto-endoscope.

Perioperative management of endoscopic ear surgery / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

With the rapid development of modern equipment and widespread familiarity with the relative knowledge, endoscopic ear surgery has attracted many oto-surgeons and is becoming more popular in primary hospitals in China. Standardized management of perioperative period in this field can help surgeons shorten the learning curve and avoid potential complications in endoscopic ear surgery. In this article, the management technique was introduced in detail, covering five main aspects including handling of related in-struments, preoperative examination and preparation, informed consent, preparation for patients and operation room setup. Extra focus was placed on the manipulation and resolution of possible difficulties during the procedure.

Progress in middle ear dysventilation research / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Disfunction of Eustachian tube will cause negative pressure of middle ear, which may result in tympanic membrane retraction pocket. Severe pocket can consequently cause cholesteatoma. In clinical practice it is not uncommon to find a cholesteatoma limited to epitympanum, with an otherwise normal pars tensa and mesotympanum. This review explains the theory of "selective epitympanic dysventilation syndrome" developed by endoscopic technique. In the majority of the patients, the only ventilation pathway to the epitympanum is through the tympanic isthmus. Even if Eustachian tube function has recovered, an isthmus blockage with selective epitympanic dysventilation may lead to common attic cholesteatoma.

Evaluation of the safety and effect of the endoscopic stapes surgery: a multi-center study / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To analyze the safety of endoscopic stapes surgery, and to compare the results with stapes surgery under microscopic approach.@*Methods@#This was a retrospective study. One hundred and thirty seven patients from Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University and other seven hospitals were enrolled in this study. Eighty eight patients, in whom 29 were male, and 59 were female, aged from 29 to 66 years old, with an average of 40.1±10.7, underwent endoscopic stapedotomy and 49 patients, in whom 17 were male, and 33 were female, aged from 32 to 64 yeas old, with an arerage of 38.7±9.2, underwent microscopic stapedotomy for otosclerosis. Interventions included endoscopic and microscopic stapes surgeries. Main outcome measures consisted of operating time, preoperative and postoperative hearing, intraoperative findings, and postoperative complications. SPSS 16.0 software was used to analyzed the date (t test and χ2 test) .@*Results@#Patients in the group who underwent endoscopic stapes surgery showed a mean operative time of (74.1±26.0) min. Patients in the group treated by microscopic approach had a mean operative time (66.5±15.9) min. Statistical difference was evident (t=1.279, P<0.05) . The average operative time of endoscopic surgery became shorter as the cases increased. The average duration of the last 10 cases was shorter than that of the first 10 cases in both groups. The differences were significant (t value was 3.028, 3.610, both P<0.05). No statistical difference was found in air conduction threshold improvement (t=1.074, P=0.289) , air-bone gap closure (t=-0.135, P=0.893) and bone conduction improvement (t=1.222, P=0.228) between the two groups. No difference regarding the incidence of the postoperative complications (chorda tympanum damage: 6 cases vs 2 cases, χ2=0.08,P>0.05; vertigo:18 cases vs 9 cases,χ2=0.09, P>0.05; facial paralysis: 0 case vs 0 case) between the two groups was found.@*Conclusion@#Audiological outcomes achieved by endoscopic surgery are similar to the results obtained through a microscopic approach. Endoscopic stapes surgery is safe.